Planning a share portfolio
原文
Lesson 48
Planning a share portfolio
How does the older investor differ in his approach to investment from the younger investor?
There is no shortage of tipsters around offering 'get-rich-quick' opportunities.
But if you are a serious private investor, leave the Las Vegas mentality to those with money to fritter.
The serious investor needs a proper 'portfolio' --a well-planned selection of investments, with a definite structure and a clear aim.
But exactly how does a newcomer to the stock market go about achieving that?
Well, if you go to five reputable stock brokers and ask them what you should do with your money,
you're likely to get five different answers,
-- even if you give all the relevant information about your age, family, finances and what you want from your investments.
Moral? There is no one 'right' way to structure a portfolio.
However, there are undoubtedly some wrong ways, and you can be sure that none of our five advisers
would have suggested sinking all (or perhaps any) of your money into Periwigs.
So what should you do?
We'll assume that you have sorted out the basics--like mortgages, pensions, insurance and access to sufficient cash reserves.
You should then establish your own individual aims.
These are partly a matter of personal circumstances, partly a matter of psychology.
For instance, if you are older you have less time to recover from any major losses, and you may well wish to boost your pension income.
So preserving your capital and generating extra income are your main priorities.
In this case, you'd probably construct a portfolio with some shares (but not high risk ones), along with gilts, cash deposits,
and perhaps convertibles or the income shares of split capital investment trusts.
If you are younger, and in a solid financial position,
you may decide to take an aggressive approach--but only if you're blessed with a sanguine disposition and won't suffer sleepless nights over share prices.
If you recognize yourself in this description,
you might include a couple of heady growth stocks in your portfolio, alongside your more pedestrian investments.
Once you have decided on your investment aims you can then decide where to put your money.
The golden rule here is spread your risk--if you put all of your money into Periwigs International,
you're setting yourself up as a hostage to fortune.
译文
第48课
规划股票投资组合
年长的投资者在投资方式上与年轻的投资者有何不同?
到处都有那些提供“快速致富”机会的所谓投资顾问。
但如果你是一位认真的私人投资者,那就把那种“拉斯维加斯式”的消费心态留给那些有钱挥霍的人吧。
一位精明的投资者需要一个合理的“投资组合”——即一系列经过精心策划的投资项目,这些投资项目应具有明确的结构和清晰的目标。
但是,对于一个刚进入股票市场的新人来说,究竟应该如何实现这一目标呢?
那么,如果你去找五家信誉良好的股票经纪公司,询问他们你应该如何处理自己的资金,
你很可能会得到五个不同的答案。
——即使你提供了所有关于自己年龄、家庭状况、财务状况以及你对投资的具体期望的相关信息。
结论?其实,并没有一种“正确”的方式来构建投资组合。
然而,无疑存在一些错误的做法;您可以放心,我们的五位顾问中没有任何一个人会采用这些错误的做法。
会建议你把所有的钱(或者哪怕一部分钱)都投入到 Periwigs 公司。
那么你应该怎么做呢?
我们假设你已经处理好了所有基本问题,比如抵押贷款、养老金、保险以及确保自己拥有足够的现金储备。
然后,你应该确立自己个人的奋斗目标(或目标)。
这部分是由于个人情况造成的,另一部分则是心理因素在起作用。
例如,如果你年纪较大,那么你从重大损失中恢复过来的时间就会更少,因此你可能会希望增加自己的养老金收入。
因此,保护你的资本并赚取额外收入是你最主要的优先事项。
在这种情况下,你可能会构建一个投资组合,其中包含一些股票(但不是高风险股票)、英国国债(gilts)以及现金存款。
也许还包括可转换债券(convertibles),或是分割资本投资信托的收益份额(income shares)。
如果你比较年轻,且财务状况良好,
你可以选择采取一种激进的做法——但前提是你必须具备乐观的心态,且不会因为股价的波动而夜不能寐。
如果你在这段描述中看到了自己的影子……
你可以在自己的投资组合中,除了那些较为稳健的投资之外,也加入一些高增长性的股票。
一旦你确定了自己的投资目标,就可以决定将资金投向何处了。
这里的黄金法则是分散风险:如果你把所有的钱都投到 Periwigs International 公司里,
你就是在听天由命了。