Do it yourself

原文

Lesson 46

Do it yourself

Did the writer repair his lawn mower in the end? Why/Why not?

So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves,

that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour.

No one can plead ignorance of a subject any longer, for there are countless do-it-yourself publications.

Armed with the right tools and materials, newlyweds gaily embark on the task of decorating their own homes.

Men, particularly, spend hours of their leisure time installing their own fireplaces,

laying out their own gardens; building garages and making furniture.

Some really keen enthusiasts go so far as to build their own computers.

Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by running special advisory services for novices,

but by offering consumers bits and pieces which they can assemble at home.

Such things provide an excellent outlet for pent up creative energy, but unfortunately not all of us are born handymen.

Some wives tend to believe that their husbands are infinitely resourceful and can fix anything.

Even men who can hardly drive a nail in straight are supposed to be born electricians, carpenters, plumbers and mechanics.

When lights fuse, furniture gets rickety, pipes get clogged, or vacuum cleaners fail to operate,

some women assume that their husbands will somehow put things right.

The worst thing about the do-it-yourself game is that sometimes even men live under the delusion that they can do anything,

even when they have repeatedly been proved wrong.

It is a question of pride as much as anything else.

Last spring my wife suggested that I call in a man to look at our lawn mower.

It had broken down the previous summer, and though I promised to repair it, I had never got round to it.

I would not hear of the suggestion and said that I would fix it myself.

One Saturday afternoon, I hauled the machine into the garden and had a close look at it.

As far as I could see, it needed only a minor adjustment:

a turn of a screw here, a little tightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be as good as new.

Inevitably the repair job was not quite so simple.

The mower firmly refused to mow, so I decided to dismantle it.

The garden was soon littered with chunks of metal which had once made up a lawn mower.

But I was extremely pleased with myself. I had traced the cause of the trouble.

One of the links in the chain that drives the wheels had snapped.

After buying a new chain I was faced with the insurmountable task of putting the confusing jigsaw puzzle together again.

I was not surprised to find that the machine still refused to work after I had reassembled it,

for the simple reason that I was left with several curiously shaped bits of metal which did not seem to fit anywhere.

I gave up in despair.

The weeks passed and the grass grew.

When my wife nagged me to do something about it,

I told her that either I would have to buy a new mower or let the grass grow.

Needless to say our house is now surrounded by a jungle.

Buried somewhere in deep grass there is a rusting lawn mower which I have promised to repair one day.

译文

第46课

自己动手做吧。

最后,作者修好了他的割草机吗?为什么(或为什么不)?

我们对亲自动手做事的热情是如此之强烈,

以至于我们越来越不依赖专业劳动力了。

如今,再没有人能够以“对某个主题一无所知”为借口了,因为市面上有数不胜数的 DIY(自己动手做)类出版物可供参考。

配备了合适的工具和材料后,新婚夫妇便兴高采烈地开始装饰自己的家。

尤其是男性,他们会花费大量的闲暇时间来自己安装壁炉。

他们自己规划花园的布局,建造车库,并制作家具。

一些非常热衷的爱好者甚至会自己组装电脑。

商店不仅通过为新手提供专门的咨询服务,

还通过向消费者提供各种可以自行组装的零件来迎合这股热潮。

这类活动为人们提供了释放内心创造力的绝佳途径,可惜并不是每个人天生就擅长动手做事(或:并不是每个人天生都具备动手能力)。

有些妻子总是认为自己的丈夫无所不能,什么问题都能解决。

即使是那些连把钉子都钉不直的男人,也被认为天生就适合从事电工、木匠、水管工或机械师等工作。

当保险丝烧断、家具摇晃、管道堵塞或吸尘器失灵时,

有些女性认为,她们的丈夫会想办法把事情解决好。

自己动手这事儿最糟糕的地方在于,有时候连男人自己都会误以为无所不能,

即使他们的观点已经被多次证明是错误的,他们仍然坚持自己的立场。

这主要是面子问题。

去年春天,我妻子建议我请一位专业人士来检查一下我们的割草机。

它在前一个夏天就坏掉了,虽然我答应过要修理它,但一直没能抽空去修。

我断然拒绝了她的建议,说我自己能修。

一个星期六的下午,我把那台机器搬到了花园里,仔细地观察了它一番。

据我所见,它只需要进行微小的调整即可。

这里拧个螺丝,那里紧一紧,再滴几滴油,它就能焕然一新了。

不可避免地,这次维修工作并没有那么简单。

割草机就是不肯割草,于是我决定把它拆开。

花园里很快就散落着许多金属碎片——那些碎片原本是割草机的一部分。

但我对自己感到非常满意。我已经找到了问题的根源。

驱动轮子的链条上有一节断了。

买了新链条后,我面临着一个无法完成的任务:把这个令人头疼的拼图重新装回去。

当我重新组装好这台机器后,发现它仍然无法正常工作时,我并不感到惊讶。

原因很简单:我手里还剩几块形状古怪的金属片,怎么也装不上去。

我绝望地放弃了。

几周过去了,草也长高了。

当妻子催我处理这事时,

我告诉她,要么我得买一台新的割草机,要么就任由草继续长下去。

不用说,我们家现在被一片丛林包围了。

在茂密的草丛中,埋着一把生锈的割草机;我曾承诺有朝一日一定会把它修好。

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词汇表

passion

名词
英:/ˈpæʃ(ə)n/
美:/ˈpæʃən/
定义
1. 热情 - A strong and barely controllable emotion, often enthusiasm or desire.

例子: His passion for cooking drives him to experiment with new recipes.

例子: She pursued her passion for art despite the challenges.

2. 激情 - An intense feeling of love or sexual desire.

例子: Their passion for each other was evident in every glance.

例子: The novel is filled with scenes of romantic passion.

近义词
enthusiasm: 强调积极的兴趣和活力,但不如 passion 强烈或情感化,常用于日常语境。
zeal: 更侧重于热心和奉献,常与事业或目标相关,而 passion 可能更个人化。
ardor: 类似 passion,但更正式,常用于文学或历史语境,强调持久的热情。
反义词:
apathy, indifference, disinterest
用法
常用于描述强烈的兴趣或情感,常搭配如 'have a passion for'(对...有热情),在非正式和正式语境中均适用,文化上强调个人动力。
形式:
复数: passions, 形容词形式: passionate

关键句型 "So + adjective + is/are + subject, that + clause"

定义

这个句型是一种强调倒装结构,用于突出形容词或副词的程度,从而加强句子表达的力度。基本结构为:So + adjective (形容词) + is/are + subject (主语) + , that + clause (从句)。例如,文章中的 "So great is our passion that..."。根据《剑桥英语语法手册》,这种句型属于倒装句 (inversion),目的是将形容词置于句首以强调,通常用于正式或书面英语中。它简洁地连接两个部分:前半部分强调特征,后半部分说明结果。

这种结构帮助学习者表达强烈的情感或事实,类似于 "such + noun + that",但更侧重于形容词。

用法

此句型常用于描述某种品质或状态的极端程度,并在语法体系中属于强调和倒装的范畴。使用场景包括文学、演讲或正式文章中,例如强调情感、成就或问题。规则是:当 "so" 后跟形容词时,主谓倒装发生 (如 "So great is" 而非 "Our passion is so great"),以突出形容词;"that" 引导结果状语从句。

横向比较:与普通句子 "Our passion is so great that..." 相比,这个句型更正式和强调,适合创建戏剧效果。与 "Such + noun + that" (如 "Such great passion is ours that...") 不同,它专门用于形容词,而非名词;与条件句的倒装 (如 "Had I known...") 相比,此句型更侧重于结果而非假设。跨语法联系:它与强调句型 (如 "It is... that") 相关联,都用于突出信息;学生可扩展到其他倒装形式,如以 "here" 或 "there" 开头的句子,进一步理解英语的语序灵活性。

在实际中,这个句型能让表达更有冲击力,例如在辩论或写作中。

注意事项

学生常犯的错误包括:忘记进行主谓倒装,导致句子不自然,如说 "So great our passion that..." (错误,应为 "So great is our passion that...");或误用 "that" 从句,替换为其他连词如 "because",从而改变句意。纠正建议:练习时先写出正常语序,然后再调整为倒装形式。同时,注意 "so" 后必须是形容词或副词,不能是名词。

另一个常见偏误是过度使用,导致语言过于正式而不适合口语。提供具体例句:

错误示例:So great our passion, we are becoming less dependent.
正确示例:So great is our passion that we are becoming less dependent.

通过比较,学生能学会如何保持句子的平衡。

练习

一个原创例子:假设你在描述朋友的热情,你可以说:"So strong is his determination that he finished the marathon despite the rain." 这贴近实际生活场景,如体育或个人成就。学生可以替换关键词,例如将 "strong" 换成 "brave",并修改主语和从句,如 "So dedicated is she to her work that she often stays late." 这种替换练习能帮助学生在日常对话或写作中灵活应用句型,增强对强调的理解。

通过多次练习,学生会发现这个句型如何使语言更有说服力。

额外内容

背景知识:这种句型源于英语的文学传统,常见于莎士比亚时代或现代诗歌中,用于增强节奏感。对比分析:与中文的强调句式(如 "如此伟大以至于...")类似,但英语通过倒装实现,而中文依赖词汇;在法语中,类似结构如 "Si grand est... que...",也使用倒装,突显了印欧语言的共同特征。这能丰富学生的跨文化理解,鼓励他们在学习中探索语言的演变历史。

关键句型 "Not only... but also..."

定义

这个句型用于并列和强调两种或多种事物,结构为:Not only + clause/element + but also + clause/element,表示不仅仅是A,而且还有B。文章中的例子是 "Shops cater for the do-it-yourself craze not only by running special advisory services for novices, but by offering consumers bits and pieces..."。根据《牛津现代英语语法》,它是一种平行结构 (parallelism),强调对比和扩展,旨在突出事物的全面性或多样性。

此句型帮助学习者构建平衡的句子,增强表达的逻辑性。

用法

此句型常用于描述事物的多个方面、原因或结果,适用于正式写作、演讲或日常对话。规则:"Not only" 和 "but also" 后跟相同的语法结构 (如名词、动词或从句),以保持平行;例如,"Not only A but also B"。在语法体系中,它属于连接词和并列结构的一部分,强调平衡和对比。

横向比较:与简单并列 "and" (如 "A and B") 相比,"Not only... but also..." 更强调递进和重要性;与 "either... or..." 不同,它是非排他性的,而后者是选择性的。跨语法联系:它与其他连接结构如 "both... and..." 相关,学生可比较它们在强调方式上的差异;此外,与从句连接如 "not only... but also because..." 结合,能扩展到复杂句型中,建立更广泛的语法网络。

这个句型在实际场景中非常实用,例如在商业或描述中突出优势。

注意事项

学生易犯的错误包括:不保持平行结构,如 "Not only running services but also offering pieces" (错误,因为 "running" 是动名词,"offering" 是动名词,但需确保一致);或遗漏 "also",使句子不完整。纠正建议:总是检查前后部分的语法一致性,并练习口头表达以避免awkwardness。另一个偏误是过度使用,导致句子冗长;建议在写作中适度应用。

提供例句:

错误示例:Not only shops run services but also offer pieces.
正确示例:Not only do shops run services but also offer pieces.

通过这些例子,学生能学会避免常见陷阱。

练习

一个原创例子:谈论个人技能时,你可以说:"Not only does he play the guitar well, but also he composes his own songs." 这贴近生活场景,如音乐或兴趣爱好。学生可以替换元素,例如将 "play the guitar" 换成 "speak English",并调整为 "Not only does she speak English fluently, but also she writes poems in it." 这种替换能帮助学生在日常对话中应用句型,强化对并列的掌握。

练习后,学生会更自信地使用它来表达复杂想法。

额外内容

背景知识:"Not only... but also..." 起源于拉丁语的修辞手法,在英语中用于增强说服力,常见于辩论和广告。对比分析:与西班牙语的 "no solo... sino también..." 类似,体现了罗曼语系的平行结构;相比中文的 "不但...而且...",英语版本更依赖语法平衡而非词汇。这段知识能让学生欣赏语言的共通性,鼓励他们在跨文化交流中灵活运用句型。