Mud is mud 实事求是

原文

Lesson 52

Mud is mud

Why did Harry decide to give up his little game?

My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study.

Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green,

an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, greyish substance.

If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud.

If you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin.

The brief experiment would dispel any further doubts she might have.

The bottle really does contain perfumed mud.

How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating.

Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.

Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist.

He would invent fanciful names on the spot.

On entering a shop,

he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'.

If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out.

He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock

and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did.

How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite beyond me.

Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud.

One day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite'.

The shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable.

When the woman shook her head in bewilderment,

Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles.

This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf.

She produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements.

When Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him.

Intoxicated by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud.

He expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment.

However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up

and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.

For once, Harry had to admit defeat.

He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price.

He was glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his arm.

From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive.

The curious bottle which now adorns the bookcase in his study was his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics.

译文

第52课

泥就是泥;无论它在哪里,本质都是一样的。

为什么哈利决定放弃他的那个小把戏(或:为什么哈利决定不再玩那个小游戏)?

我的表弟哈里在他的书房里永久性地展示着一个形状非常奇特的瓶子。

尽管这个瓶子的颜色是一种淡雅的绿色,

一个细心的访客很快就会注意到,这个空间里充满了某种看起来像浓稠的、灰褐色的物质。

如果你问哈利瓶子里装的是什么,他会告诉你里面装的是香味的泥浆。

如果你表现出怀疑或惊讶,他就会立刻邀请你闻一闻这种物质,然后让你把它涂抹在皮肤上。

这个简短的实验将会消除她可能存在的任何疑虑。

这个瓶子里确实装着带有香味的泥浆。

哈利是如何得到这些奇怪物品的,这本身就是一个有趣的故事,而他也很喜欢讲这个故事。

此外,买到这个瓶子后,他改掉了自己多年来一直养成的一个坏习惯。

哈里过去常常觉得:去那些高档的化妆品店,然后提出一些根本不存在的商品、并要求购买这些商品,这简直是个天大的笑话。

他总能即兴想出一些奇特、富有想象力的名字。

当走进一家商店时,

他会要求购买一款名为“Scented Shadow”的新香水,或者“insoluble bath cubes”(即不可溶解的浴盐块)。

如果店员告诉他她从未听说过那个产品,他就会假装非常失望(或很不高兴)。

他很喜欢听到这样的消息:他想象中的某个产品暂时缺货了。

他会诚实地承诺会在未来的某个时候再次打电话,但当然,他从未兑现过这个承诺。

我实在无法理解:哈利在那些表演过程中是如何始终保持面无表情的……

哈利根本不需要别人提醒,他就能解释自己是如何买到那瓶珍贵的“泥”的。

有一天,他去了伦敦的一家高档商店,询问是否有“Myrolite”这种商品。

店员看起来很困惑,于是哈利又重复了这个词,慢慢地、一个音节一个音节地念了出来。

当那位女士困惑地摇头时……

哈里接着解释说,“myrolite”是一种质地坚硬、呈琥珀色的物质,可以用来去除雀斑。

这个解释显然让那位在货架间翻找东西的女士明白了些什么。

她制作了各种各样的奇怪混合物,但没有一种能满足哈里的要求。

当哈里装出一副有点恼火的样子时,助手答应会帮他订购一些东西。

被自己的成功冲昏了头脑,哈里随后要求得到那种带有香味的泥浆。

他期待着助手会惊讶地、一脸茫然地看着他。

然而,轮到他感到惊讶了——因为那个女人的眼睛立刻亮了起来。

然后她拿来了几瓶酒,把它们放在柜台上让哈里查看。

这一次,哈利不得不承认自己失败了。

他拿起了那个看起来是最小的瓶子,然后悄悄地询问了价格。

他很高兴只被罚了二十英镑,于是急忙逃走了,同时紧紧地把那个珍贵的瓶子夹在腋下。

从那以后,哈利意识到自己发明的这个“小游戏”可能会带来严重的后果(或者:这个小游戏可能会让他付出沉重的代价)。

那个现在摆放在他书房书架上的奇特瓶子,是他第一次也是最后一次购买的稀有化妆品。

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词汇表

observant

形容词
英:/əbˈzɜːvənt/
美:/əbˈzɝːvənt/
定义
1. 观察力强的 - Quick to notice things around you.

例子: An observant student always spots the small details in the experiment.

例子: She is an observant driver who notices changes in traffic patterns.

2. 遵守的 - Adhering to rules or traditions.

例子: He is observant of religious customs during holidays.

例子: The observant employee follows company policies strictly.

近义词
attentive: 强调主动关注和集中注意力,与 'observant' 类似,但更侧重于心理状态而非实际观察。
perceptive: 更强调直觉和洞察力,'observant' 则更注重视觉或感官观察。
vigilant: 带有警觉或防范的意味,'observant' 则更中性,专注于观察细节。
反义词:
inattentive, oblivious, unobservant
用法
常用于描述善于注意细节的人或行为,常见于正式语境,如描述侦探或艺术家;在文化中,常与科学或安全相关。
形式:
副词形式: observantly

关键句型 "If + subject + were to + verb, subject + would + verb"

定义

此句型是一种条件句的表达形式,用于描述不太可能发生或假设性的未来情况,常用于礼貌或正式的语言中。结构为:If + subject + were to + verb(条件从句)+ , + subject + would + verb(主句)。根据《剑桥英语语法》教材,这种句型属于虚拟语气的一种,强调假设或低概率事件,类似于“如果……将要……,那么……会……”。

它常用于表达建议、警告或推测,帮助学习者处理不确定性场景。

例如,在文章中:“If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud。”

用法

此句型主要用于假设未来的可能性较小的事件,常见于正式对话、故事叙述或礼貌请求中。规则:条件从句使用 were to + verb 来表示虚拟的未来,强调不真实性;主句则用 would + verb 表示结果。

在语法体系中,它属于条件句的第二类(unreal future conditions),与一般条件句(如 "If it rains, I will stay home")形成对比。横向比较:与 "If + simple present, will + verb"(真实条件句)不同,此句型更正式和礼貌,因为 were to 暗示事件不太可能发生;与 "If + past simple, would + verb"(对过去的假设)相比,它更侧重未来。

跨语法联系:它与情态动词 would 紧密相关,学生可扩展到其他条件句类型,如混合条件句(e.g., "If I had money now, I would buy it tomorrow"),帮助建立更全面的条件句知识框架。

此句型在故事中如文章所示,用于生动描述潜在场景,提升叙述的趣味性。

注意事项

学生容易犯的错误包括:混淆 were towas to 的使用(例如,在第一人称或第三人称中错误使用 was to);或将主句的 would 替换为 will,导致句意从虚拟转为真实。纠正建议:记住 were to 适用于所有主语(I, you, he 等),并通过练习区分真实与虚拟条件。

另一个常见偏误是遗漏逗号或不正确连接从句,导致句子结构混乱。提供具体例句:

错误示例:If you ask Harry, he would tell you.  // 错误,因为条件从句应为虚拟形式。
正确示例:If you were to ask Harry, he would tell you.  // 正确,强调假设性。

练习时,注意语调的柔和,以避免听起来过于正式。

练习

原创例子:假设你在计划旅行,可以说:“If I were to win the lottery, I would travel around the world.” 学生可以替换关键词,如将 "win the lottery" 换成 "get a promotion",变成:“If I were to get a promotion, I would buy a new car.” 这能帮助学生应用到个人生活场景中,例如在讨论梦想时使用。

通过这种替换,学生能加深对句型的掌握,并练习在对话中的自然表达。

额外内容

背景知识:这种句型源于英语的虚拟语气传统,起源于17世纪的文学作品,如莎士比亚的戏剧,用于表达不确定性。对比分析:与中文的“假如……会……”类似,但英语通过 were to 的结构强化礼貌和假设性;相比法语的条件句(如 "Si j'étais à ta place"),英语版本更简洁,不需复杂的动词变位。

了解此句型能丰富学生的叙述技巧,尤其在讲故事时,如文章中Harry的经历,帮助他们在英语中更自信地表达创意想法。